The Verified Gross Mass (VGM) in Ocean Freight | SOLAS - Safety of Life at Sea

In the world of Ocean freight, the Verified Gross Mass (VGM) plays a key role in ensuring the safety and efficiency of maritime transport. Since 1. July 2016, the VGM regulation has been mandatory according to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS). But what exactly is VGM, and why is it so important? 

Definition of Verified Gross Mass

The Verified Gross Mass (VGM) is the verified total weight of a fully loaded container, including the weight of the container itself and its contents (cargo, packaging materials, and any additional load securing materials). Providing the VGM is a mandatory requirement for loading containers onto a ship. 

Why is VGM important? 

The introduction of the VGM regulation aims to improve safety at sea and reduce the risk of ship accidents. Incorrectly declared container weights can lead to improper stowage and trimming of ships, causing stability issues and serious accidents. Accurate weight information significantly reduces these risks. 

Methods for Determining VGM 

There are two recognized methods to determine: 

1. Weighing the loaded container: The fully loaded and sealed container is placed on a certified scale to determine the total weight.
2. Summing individual weights: In this method, the weight of the entire cargo, including packaging and securing materials, as well as the container's tare weight, are separately determined and added together. 

Responsibilities and Procedures 

The shipper is responsible for determining and declaring the VGM. This information must be provided to the shipping line and terminal operator in a timely manner before the container is loaded onto the ship. Without a correct VGM declaration, the container cannot be loaded. 

The majority of shippers will require the transmission of messages via EDI (Electronic Data Interchange). To standardize this process, the global standard VERMAS has been introduced, defining the minimum requirements for such messages:

• Container number
• VGM weight (numeric)
• Unit of measurement (e.g., kilogram, pound)
• Weighing method code (Method 1 or 2)
• Authorized responsible person

Depending on the specifications of individual countries, additional fields such as approval numbers may be required.

Challenges and Solutions 

Implementing the VGM regulation brings some challenges, especially regarding compliance and logistical processes. Common problems include: 

• Technical and infrastructural requirements: Not all port terminals or shippers have the necessary weighing equipment. 

• Time management: Accurately determining and transmitting the VGM requires careful planning to avoid delays. 

A Transport Management System (TMS) can be crucial in making the process of sending the Verified Gross Mass (VGM) more efficient and accurate. By automating and connecting the relevant data and processes, the entire supply chain is optimized. This not only ensures compliance with legal requirements but also enhances the competitiveness and efficiency of the involved companies. A TMS is therefore a valuable tool to successfully manage the challenges of the VGM regulations and ensure safety in sea transport. 

The Verified Gross Mass (VGM) is an essential element in modern Ocean Freight that contributes to the safety and efficiency of global trade. Accurate determination and declaration of container weight minimize maritime risks and ensure compliance with international safety standards. Additionally, the VGM is useful for pre-shipment to the port, providing more safety for trucks, trains, and inland vessels.